When you read an academic journal, it is not a new thing that you will find ibid on its paper. But, do you know what is ibid and how to use it? Or, you need to use ibid for your academic tasks to make it more clear?
Rest assured. In This article, we will talk about what is ibid and how to write ibid in your papers!
Before we jump on how to write ibid, first you need to understand the definition of ibid. Here’s the information for you!
What is Ibid?
Based on Merriam-Webster Dictionary, Ibid or ibidem means in the same place. Or, it is used to indicate that a certain reference is from a certain same source as the previous reference.
Therefore, it is already clear that ibid is actually a short for Ibidem, a Latin word that has the meaning “In/at the same place.” Nowadays, people use ibid in reference notes, especially on a larger written work. Ibid can help writers to give details about the origin of sources or information in the larger text.
The word can be considered as ibid when there are two conservative notes that come from the same place. Therefore, it is usually used for the second notes. By using ibid, it will help writers to save spaces and words rather than writing a whole note again.
Therefore, it is easier to refer readers to the same place in order to find the information. No wonder that ibid, as an abbreviation of a longer word, always has a period after the word.
When to Use Ibid?
So, can we use ibid for every style of reference?
It is important to know that you can not use ibid in every citation. Ibid can be used only for the Chicago Manual of Style and Oxford referencing style. Therefore, do not use ibid when you are using MLA or APA format. It’s because these two styles of reference don’t use endnotes or footnotes (if you forget about endnotes and footnotes, you can look them up on Fun English Course).
Meanwhile, it is common for ibid to always appear on footnotes and endnotes.
Now, you already know the definition of ibid and when to use ibid! Next, we can move on to how to write ibid!
How to Write Ibid
Here are examples of how to use ibid depending on its sources.
Website Citation
If you use a website in your citation, then this is how you write the ibid.
- Hays, J., “How Students in South Korea Keeping Up With Cheating, Bullying, and Studying the Hell-Joseon System.” November 27, 2022, https://factsanddetails.com/korea/South_Korea/Education_Health_Transportation_Infrastructure/entry-7383.html
- Ibid.
Book Citation
Next, if you use a book as a citation, then here’s how you can write the ibid.
- David Trottier, The Screenwriter’s Bible. (Simon-James Press; 7th edition, 2019), 25
- Ibid., 70
Journal Citation
If you use a journal citation, then here’s how you should write the ibid.
- Yuhan Hwang, “Why do South Korean students always study hard? Reflections on the Paik’s study, Hanyang” The International Journal of Educational Research Vol. 7, no 9 (2020): 77-95.
- Ibid.
Interview Citation
It is not a rare thing if you see writers use interview results as citations. Therefore, here’s how you write the ibid!
- Yun Hyeong-Keun, interview by author, Yongsan, February 19, 2020.
- Ibid.
Book Chapter Citation
The last one is a book chapter citation. Here’s how you write the ibid!
- Jean Pierre, “The Path to Tread,” The Truth Untold, 2nd edition. (Gramedia Indonesia, 2022), 77-81.
- Ibid., 99-112.
So, that’s all about what is ibid and how to write it. If you find this article interesting, don’t forget to share it with your friends and colleagues!